Pneumoconiosis

Asbestosis: Lower Lobes

• Inc A-a gradient, Dec DLCO
• –> Leads to mesothelioma, cancer, caplan syndrome
• ISPESDOGs
  • Ivory white
  • Supradiaphramatic
  • Pleural Plaques, Prussian Blue staine (BAL)
  • Effusions (pleural)
  • Dumbbells - ferruginous bodies - golden brown fusiform rods in alveolar sputum
  • ONLY lower lobes

Berylliosis: Upper lobes, aerospace, manufacturing

• Granulomatous non-caseating
• Cancer Risk
• Cor-pulmonale

Coal workers pneumoconiosis: Prolonged coal dust exposure

• carbon in Macs -> Infl and fibrosis
• Caplan syndrome
• Small rounded nodular opacities on imaging
• Anthracosis: asymp condition in urban dwellers - sooty air
• black lung disease

Silicosis: Uppr Lungs, TB

• egg shell calcification of hilar lymphnodes on CXR
• Silica may disrupt phagolysosomes and hence Inc susceptibility to Tuberculosiso

Hypersensitivity Pnemonitis

• Diffuse reticular opacities,
• type 3,4 Hypersensitivity
• poorly formed noncaseating Granulomas